A federal judge has temporarily halted President Donald Trump’s executive order to initiate mass layoffs across U.S. government agencies, issuing an emergency ruling that blocks the order until at least May 23. The decision comes after multiple lawsuits were filed by labor unions and municipalities challenging the legality of the action.

Judge Susan Illston, who issued the ruling, acknowledged that the president holds authority to restructure federal agencies. However, she emphasized that any such process must adhere to established legal procedures and involve cooperation from Congress. “While the Executive has discretion in agency management, that authority is not absolute and must operate within the bounds of the law,” Illston stated in her decision.

The executive order in question aimed to reduce federal workforce numbers significantly, with initial cuts planned for several major departments, including the Department of State and the Department of the Treasury. The administration framed the move as a cost-cutting measure aligned with broader efforts to streamline government functions.

However, critics argue that the layoffs would disrupt vital public services and circumvent legislative oversight. The plaintiffs in the case contend that the executive order failed to follow statutory requirements and improperly bypassed congressional authority.

The injunction grants temporary relief to federal workers and agencies that would have been affected by the order’s implementation. The case is expected to continue in court as stakeholders on both sides prepare further arguments on the scope of executive power and procedural compliance.

As the May 23 deadline approaches, legal experts anticipate a pivotal ruling that could shape the balance of power between the executive branch and Congress in matters of federal employment policy.